Key Questions – World History 2
Unit 1- The Scientific
Revolution, Enlightenment, and Trade
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What new view of the universe was adopted during
the Scientific Revolution? |
- the heliocentric view, that the sun
was the center of the solar system |
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2. During the Enlightenment, thinkers began to put
more emphasis on the rights of individuals. What is the word for this? |
- liberalism |
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3. What two European rivals colonized and fought for
control of North America? |
- England and France |
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4. What was the Middle Passage? |
- the slave trade, from Africa to the
Americas |
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5. Who were the Òphilosophes,Ó and where did they
often meet? |
- French Enlightenment thinkers such as
Voltaire and Montesquieu, who often met in ÒsalonsÓ to discuss new ideas |
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6. What was John LockeÕs main idea? |
- that men had natural rights like life
and liberty, and could rule
themselves with a limited government to protect those rights |
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7. What is the name for the
global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the
Americas? |
- Columbian Exchange |
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8. What two Spanish
conquistadors subjugated the Aztec and Incan peoples? |
- the Aztecs were subjugated by Hernando
Cortez and his army, and the Inca were conquered by Fransisco Pizarro. |
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9. What did the Spanish
introduce to the Americas that led to the success of the Plains Indians? |
- the horse |
Unit 2- Political
Revolutions of the 18th Century
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What was the purpose of the Declaration of
Independence? |
- to notify Great Britain, and the
world, that the colonies in America were going to rule themselves. |
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2. Why does the Constitution divide the power of the
federal government into three branches, and what are those branches? |
- the legislative, executive, and
judicial branches; to ensure that no one person or branch of the government
would have too much power. |
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3. What do we call the first ten amendments to the
Constitution, and why were they added? |
- the Bill of Rights, to protect basic
liberties like freedom of speech, religion, and the press. |
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4. What European nation was inspired by the American
Revolution and attempted a similar revolution? |
- France |
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5. What was the ÒReign of TerrorÓ during the French
RevolutionÓ? |
- when radicals took over and began using the guillotine to
kill anyone who opposed them. |
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6. Who
was Napoleon Bonaparte? |
- a French general who took over France
after the French Revolution and then conquered most of Europe. |
Unit 3- Industrialism and
Imperialism
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. Where did the Industrial Revolution begin, and
what was the first industry to be mechanized? |
- Great Britain, the textile industry,
where thread and cloth is made. |
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2. What political ideology was formed in reaction to
the problems faced by the new industrial workers? |
- socialism |
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3. What was imperialism? |
- when rich, industrial nations,
starting about 1880, began taking over the affairs of poorer, non-industrial
nations. |
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4. Who controlled India during the Age of
Imperialism? |
- Great Britain |
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5. During the Age of Imperialism, what was the
purpose of the Berlin Conference? |
- to divide Africa among the European
powers. |
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6. Name three new territories that the U.S. acquired
during the Age of Imperialism. |
- Panama, the Philippines, and Hawaii |
` Unit
4- WWI and the Russian Revolution
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What
event triggered WWI? |
- the assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand of Austria |
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2. What new weapons of warfare in WWI changed the
way war was fought? |
- the machine gun, tank, poison gas,
airplane, and submarine |
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3. At the start of WWI, who were the key Central
Powers? Who were the Allied Powers? |
- the key Central Powers were Germany
and Austria-Hungary, and the key Allied Powers were Great Britain, France,
and Russia. |
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4. Who was the U.S. president during WWI, and what
was his plan for peace? |
- Woodrow Wilson, the Fourteen Points |
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5. What treaty ended WWI, and what country did it
focus on? |
- the Treaty of
Versailles, was very harsh on Germany |
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6. What was the Bolshevik Revolution, and who was
its leader? |
- this was the communist revolution in
Russia in 1917, also known as the Russian Revolution, and was led by Vladimir
Lenin. |
Unit 5- Global Depression
and WWII
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What two fascist leaders rose to power in Europe
during the turbulent years following WWI? |
- Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Adolph
Hitler in Germany |
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2. Describe the policy of appeasement prior to WWII. |
- When the democratic countries like
Great Britain accepted HitlerÕs aggressive actions, rather than fight. |
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3. What event brought the US into WWII, and when did
it occur? |
- the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,
Dec. 7, 1941. |
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4. What was the Holocaust? |
- When HitlerÕs Nazi government
systematically murdered about 6 million Jewish people. |
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5. What was ÒVE DayÓ? |
- ÒVictory in EuropeÓ; the day HitlerÕs
Germany surrendered. |
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6. What ended WWII in the Pacific? |
- the dropping of two atomic bombs on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. |
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7, During which years was WWII fought? |
- 1939- 1945 |
Unit 6- Post-War Asia: China, Japan, and India
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What happened in China in 1949, and who led this
change? |
- Mao ZedongÕs communist party won a
civil war there, and the PeopleÕs Republic of China was created, which is
sometimes informally called ÒRed ChinaÓ. [teacher note- because MaoÕs army was known as
the ÒRed ArmyÓÉ This event sometimes referred to as the communist revolution
in China, or the Chinese Revolution] [someone correct me if IÕm wrong hereÉ] |
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2. Who was the leader of the movement in India for
independence from Britain? |
- Mohandas Ghandi |
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3. What kind of government did Japan adopt after
WWII? |
- a democracy that was committed to
peace |
Unit 7- Arab-Israeli
Conflict, Islam Today
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What country was created after WWII as a homeland
for the Jewish people? |
- Isreal |
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2. How did Arab states respond to the creation of
Israel? |
- they tried, but failed, to crush
Israel in a war. |
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3. What city in Israel contains holy sites revered
by Jews, Moslems, and Christians alike? |
- Jerusalem |
Unit 8- Age of Superpowers:
Nuclear weapons, the Cold War, and the Demise of the Soviet Union
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. How was Europe divided politically and
ideologically following WWII? |
- the countries to the west of what was
called the ÒIron CurtainÓ became liberal democracies, and the countries to
the east fell under the control of the Soviet Union. |
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2. What was the Cold War? |
- the long period after WWII when the
Soviet Union and the United States were enemies. |
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3. What was Sputnik, and why was it important? |
- it was a Soviet satellite, the first
ever put into space, and it made the United States very fearful that the
Soviet Union would soon control space. |
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4. What are ICBMs, why were they important, and who
had them? |
- Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles,
which could carry nuclear warheads
halfway around the world. Both the United States and the Soviet Union had
thousands of them at the height of the Cold War. |
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5. What Soviet leaderÕs reforms resulted in the
collapse of the USSR? |
- Mikhail Gorbachev |
Unit 9- Modern Times:
Global Economy, World Cooperation, and the Challenges Ahead
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QuestionÉ |
AnswerÉ |
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1. What international body attempts to regulate
world conflict? |
- the United Nations |
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2. What disease, which is primarily sexually
transmitted, is wreaking havoc throughout much of the developing world? |
- AIDS |
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3. What are at least five of the biggest issues
facing the world today? |
Overpopulation, environmental
destruction, dependence on fossil fuels, poverty and the disparity between
rich and poor nations, weapons of mass destruction and nuclear proliferation,
terrorism and religious extremismÉ |